Reinforced concrete works construction is one of the most popular types of structural buildings. This type of structure is constructed using steel bars, called rebars, embedded in concrete to increase its strength.
Concrete is a composite material consisting of a fine-grained cementitious binder with high-strength reinforcing steel (rebars) that are used to improve its tensile resistance. RC structures often require special procedures during construction that are not outlined on the drawings, which can lead to extra costs for the contractor.
Frame Structure
Frame structures are mainly made of beams and columns that are structurally fixed together to form a structure. These frames can be designed and constructed in a variety of ways.
In most frame structures, the strength and stiffness of the frame is achieved by bending rigidity of the columns and beams. Rigid frame structures can withstand both vertical and lateral loads through their bending rigidity.
Despite the strong load capacity of RC frames, many progressive collapse accidents have occurred in RC buildings, such as the World Trade Center in New York, USA [1] and Ronan Point apartment in London, UK [2]. It is therefore necessary to study the resistance of RC frame structures to progressive collapse due to column failure.
Beam Structure
The reinforced concrete beam is one of the most important structural elements for rc works construction. Its role is to resist both tensile and compressive loads.
To design a beam, it is necessary to analyze the loads on the member and then to design it accordingly. SkyCiv Beam Software can help you do that.
A multi-spring modeling technique has been used to capture the nonlinear behavior of beam-column joints using separate springs for each joint mechanism. However, this technique is complex and time-consuming, as it requires a lot of experimental data for calibration and validation.
The present paper analyzed the shear response of nine RC, PC, and BRC beams using artificial neural network (ANN) software. The ANN model used a Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and a nonlinear logistic-sigmoid transfer function to predict the maximum deflection of each member.
Slab Structure
Slabs are used in various building constructions to create flat and useful surfaces such as floors, roofs, and ceilings. They are constructed in different forms, sizes and thicknesses to meet the needs of the building project.
Usually, slabs are supported in one or both horizontal axes by beams or steel columns. In reinforced concrete works, they are also supported by steel bars.
The load is transferred from the top of the slab to the bottom and vice versa. This type of load transfer is commonly used in bridges and other structural elements.
A composite slab is a type of reinforced concrete construction that includes a steel decking sheet as its formwork. These are normally spanned in the same direction as one-way slabs, with the decking sheet acting as a bottom reinforcement.
Slabs are a necessary component of any building structure and should be designed to ensure that they can withstand the weight of a building, traffic and regular use. Incorrectly chosen or improperly shaped slabs can cause costly damage to a building and compromise the entire structure.
Column Structure
RC columns are a key structural element that is required to support the load of the building. They have a variety of functions and are a good choice for structural engineering applications.
However, deterioration of RC structures may occur due to localised damage such as earthquakes, hurricanes, or tsunamis and corrosion of rebars. Hence, there is a need to enhance the strength of RC columns.
Researchers have been working on a number of strengthening techniques that can address these deficiencies. These methods are designed to balance structural requirements with non-structural concerns, such as minimizing costs, maintaining functionality and aesthetics, and conducting the repair within a short time frame.
In this paper, we present a state-of-the-art review of strengthening and repair techniques for RC columns proposed by researchers in the last two decades. These include reinforced concrete/mortar jacketing; steel jacketing; externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthening; near-surface mounted FRP strengthening; shape memory alloy (SMA) jacketing; and hybrid jacketing.
